Williams, Jenny and Andrew Chesterman. 2002. The Map. A beginner's guide to doing research in translation studies. Manchester: St Jerome Publishing.

Toury, Gideon. 1995. Descriptive Translation Studies and beyond. Benjamins: Amsterdam and Philadelphia.

Hermans, Theo. 1999. Translation in Systems. Manchester: St Jerome.

Nord, Christiane. 1997. Translating as a Purposeful Activity. Functionalist Approaches Explained. Manchester: St Jerome.

Venuti, Lawrence, ed. 2000. The Translation Studies Reader. London and New York: Routledge,

Specialized background texts (for students working in these areas):

Gile, Daniel, Helle Dam, Friedel Dubslaff, Bodil Martinsen and Anne Schjoldager, eds. 2001. Getting started in interpreting research. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: Benjamins.

Kiraly, Don. 2000. A Social Constructivist Approach to Translator Education, Manchester: St Jerome.

Pöchhacker, Franz & Miriam Shlesinger, eds. 2002. The Interpreting Studies Reader. London: Routledge.

Pym, Anthony. 1998. Method in Translation History. Manchester: St Jerome.