2020_21
Educational guide 
Faculty of Oenology
A A A 
english 
Bachelor's Degree in Biotechnology (2009)
 Subjects
  BIOCHEMISTRY
   Contents
Topic Sub-topic
1. Biochemistry introduction Concept and field of study of biochemistry. Study levels.
Study methods.
Biomolecules.
2. Protein structure Levels of complexity.
Primary structure, secondary structure , tertiary structure, quaternary structure.
Denaturation and renaturation.
Protein dynamics.
3. Enzyms Enzymes as biocatalysts.
Factors that affect enzymatic activity.
Interactions enzyme-substrate, models. Mechanisms of enzymatic catalysis. Enzymatic kinetics.
Coenzymes and cofactors.
Modulation of enzymatic activity.
4. Genetics Nucleic acids.
DNA replication.
DNA repair.
Transcription.
The genetic code. Mechanism of translation. Regulation of gene expression.
5. Metabolism introduction Living things as open thermodynamic systems.
The phosphate group and the ATP as common energy intermediaries.
Reactions coupled.
Phosphorylation at the substrate level and oxidative phosphorylation.
6. The energy flow Living things as open thermodynamic systems.
The phosphate group and the ATP as common energy intermediaries.
Reactions coupled.
Phosphorylation at the substrate level and oxidative phosphorylation.
7. Respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation Location.
Oxidoreduction reactions.
Coupling between electron transport and ATP synthesis.
Role of the shuttles.
Transport of electrons in the chloroplast and photosynthetic phosphorylation.
Photosynthesis. Photosystems.
8. Cycle of tricarboxylic acids Central role in the intermediary metabolism.
Cycle reactions.
Energy efficiency.
Anaplelotic reactions.
Amphibolic nature of the cycle.
Regulation of the cycle.
9. Glucose metabolism General scheme.
Global balance and universal energy importance.
Phases of glycolysis.
Lactate production.
Energy efficiency and general regulation.
Via the pentoses.
Biosynthesis of carbohydrates. Gluconeogenesis.
Metabolism of glycogen
Cycle of Calvin.
10. Lipid metabolism Metabolism of lipoproteins. Lipid catabolism.
Betaoxidation of fatty acids.
Energy efficiency.
Ketogenesis.
Lipid biosynthesis.
Lipogenesis.
Synthesis of fatty acids in prokaryotes. Energetic balance of lipogenesis. Metabolism of isoprenoids. Cholesterol.
11. Amino acids metabolism Catabolism. Deamination, transamination and trans-deamination.
Fixation and organisation of nitrogen. Essential and non-essential amino acids. Metabolism of NH3.
Cycle of urea.
Destination of carbonate skeleton of amino acids.
Gluconeogenic and ketogenic amino acids. Amino acids as precursors. Nucleotides degradation.