| Educational guide Faculty of Oenology |
english |
| Bachelor's Degree in Biotechnology (2009) |
 Subjects |
| EPIGENETICS |
| Contents |
| IDENTIFYING DATA | 2017_18 |
| Subject | EPIGENETICS | Code | 19204221 | |||||
| Study programme |
|
Cycle | 1st | |||||
| Descriptors | Credits | Type | Year | Period | ||||
| 3 | Optional | 1Q |
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| Competences | Learning outcomes | Contents |
| Planning | Methodologies | Personalized attention |
| Assessment | Sources of information | Recommendations |
| Topic | Sub-topic |
| 1. Introduction | Field of study of epigenetics: stable and heritable gene expression patterns, and their associated phenotypes, dependent on the structure of chromatin and independent of changes in the DNA sequence. Examples of epigenetic phenomena: - Sacharomyces cerevisiae: mating-type switching. - Bees queens, males and workers. - Reptiles and fish: plasticity in the determination of sex. - Mammals: inactivation of chromosome X. |
| 2. Epigenetic mechanisms. | • Methylation of the DNA. • Modifications of histones. • Remodeling of chromatin dependent on ATP. • Variants of histones and occupation of the nucleosome. • Effect proteins that read the histone marks. • Small non-coding RNAs: miRNA, siRNA, pyRNA. • Methylation of the RNA. • Prions. |
| 3. Epigenetics of embryonic development and cell differentiation. | • Polycomb and Trithorax proteins • Caenorhabditis elegans • Drosophila melanogaster • Mammals: specification of cell destiny, cell lineages and differentiation of tissues • Epigenetic profile of Embrionary Stem Cell and nuclear reprogramming. |
| 4. Sexual determination and gene dosage compensation. | • Caenorhabditis elegans • Drosophila melanogaster • Pisces • Reptiles • Mammals, inactivation of the X chromosome. |
| 5. Genomic imprint and transgeneral epigenetics in mammals | • Epigenetic inheritance through meiosis. • Reprogramming of epigenetic marks in germinal lines. • Maternal and father epigenetic inheritance. • Differential Methylation of Fingerprint Control Regions. • Hypothesis of the genetic conflict. • Relevance of epigenetic inheritance in diseases. • Contribution of transgenerational epigenetics to the evolution of species. |
| 6. Epigenetic effects dependent on Nutrition | • Bees and ants. • Mammals: epigenetic effects of the diet and its components in obesity and diabetes. • Mammals: Effects of nutrition and maternal health on epigenetic marks, development and health of children. |
| 7. Epigenetics and cancer. | • Genetic and epigenetic injuries in cancer. • Anomalous methods of DNA methylation and histone variants in cancer. • Genetic alterations in genes of histone modifying enzymes. • Role of microRNAs in cancer. • Telomeres and stability of chromosomes in cancer. |
| 8. Epigenetic memory in plants. | • Pluripotency of plant cells. • Regulation of responses to low temperatures for varnishing and acclimatization to cold. |
| 9. Discussion topics: | * Epigenetics in Assisted Reproduction. * Epigenetics in Regenerative Medicine. * Epigenetics in Cloning. * Epigenetics and transgenic foods. * Epigenetics in hybrid species: mules and ligands. |
